在鋰離子充電器產(chan)品中,手機充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是市場(chang)上的(de)主流產(chan)品。雖然鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)市場(chang)被看好,但鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池對(dui)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)要(yao)求非常苛刻。設(she)計生產(chan)鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi),需要(yao)滿足幾大要(yao)求。在鋰(li)(li)(li)離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)芯片在系(xi)統設(she)計中扮演著重要(yao)的(de)角色。高性價(jia)比的(de)芯片受市場(chang)歡迎。

　　在手機、個人媒(mei)體播放器、數(shu)碼(ma)相機、導航系統等便攜產(chan)品市場的推動下,鋰離子(zi)充(chong)電器市場的前(qian)景(jing)被業界(jie)廣泛看(kan)好。

　　鋰離(li)子充(chong)電器市場巨大(da)

　　根(gen)據諾基亞公司的(de)(de)預(yu)測,2008年(nian)全球(qiu)手機銷售量(liang)將達(da)12億部(bu),比2007年(nian)增(zeng)長10%。即使按照每部(bu)手機在出廠時(shi)只配一(yi)個(ge)鋰離(li)子充電器,該市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)需求也要12億個(ge)之多(duo)。根(gen)據市(shi)場(chang)調研公司賽迪顧問(wen)的(de)(de)預(yu)測,2007年(nian)中(zhong)國MP3銷量(liang)達(da)到200多(duo)萬臺(tai),與此同時(shi),MP4和MP5等新概念播放器也突破200萬臺(tai),去年(nian)這兩個(ge)市(shi)場(chang)總計(ji)需要400多(duo)萬個(ge)鋰離(li)子充電器。

　　記者了(le)解(jie)到,目前中國是全球鋰離子(zi)充(chong)電器(qi)最(zui)大的(de)生產(chan)(chan)地,去年共計生產(chan)(chan)了(le)5億(yi)個充(chong)電器(qi),其中1億(yi)多(duo)個銷售在國內,其余都銷往國外(wai)。而內地市場上有超過幾百家的(de)鋰離子(zi)充(chong)電器(qi)制造(zao)商,其中大多(duo)數為中小型企業,平均每家廠(chang)商的(de)月產(chan)(chan)能在幾十(shi)萬個以上,廣東省(sheng)聚集(ji)了(le)最(zui)多(duo)的(de)鋰離子(zi)充(chong)電器(qi)制造(zao)商。

　　在鋰離子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)產(chan)品中(zhong),手機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是市場(chang)上的(de)(de)主(zhu)流產(chan)品。崧順(shun)國際有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司研發(fa)部技術總監喻(yu)德茂(mao)向《中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)子報(bao)》記者介紹說,今(jin)年他們(men)(men)公(gong)(gong)司主(zhu)要設(she)計(ji)生產(chan)手機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)以及PDA、MP4、隨身充(chong)(chong)等一些特殊的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。而東莞市石龍富華電(dian)(dian)子有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司開發(fa)中(zhong)心經理林俊容則(ze)介紹說,今(jin)年他們(men)(men)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)手機(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong),主(zhu)要是5V充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi),充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流在500mA-800mA之間,這些產(chan)品的(de)(de)特色包(bao)括：安全,環保,節能,通用。

　　充電(dian)器要符合安全環保法規(gui)

　　雖然鋰離子充電器市場被看(kan)好(hao),但(dan)鋰(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)對充(chong)電(dian)器的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)非(fei)常(chang)苛刻,要(yao)(yao)設計生產鋰(li)離子充(chong)電(dian)器,需(xu)要(yao)(yao)滿(man)足(zu)幾大(da)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。其中,基本要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)時要(yao)(yao)保(bao)持特定的(de)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流和充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya),即恒流恒壓(ya)(ya)方(fang)式,這才能保(bao)證電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)安(an)全充(chong)電(dian)。而且,為有效利用電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量,需(xu)將鋰(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)至最大(da)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya),但(dan)是(shi)過壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)電(dian)會造成電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)損壞,這就要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)過壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)。

　　另(ling)外,鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池還增加了(le)其(qi)他(ta)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)輔助功(gong)能,目的是為了(le)改善電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命,簡化充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的操作,其(qi)中包括給過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池使用(yong)(yong)涓(juan)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓檢(jian)測,輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流限制,充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)完成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)關(guan)斷(duan)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池部(bu)分放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)自(zi)動啟動充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)。這些所(suo)有(you)及(ji)部(bu)分功(gong)能都可以(yi)在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)片(pian)中實現(xian),當然(ran),也可利用(yong)(yong)ASIC(專用(yong)(yong)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路)、分立器件(jian)或在微處(chu)理器的基(ji)礎上用(yong)(yong)軟件(jian)實現(xian)。

　　而最近幾年,解決鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)靜(jing)態能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)問題也逐步(bu)成為(wei)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)設計過程中(zhong)的(de)一(yi)個重要環節總(zong)體(ti)來說(shuo),鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)設計過程中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)安(an)(an)全、環保(bao)和(he)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)上必(bi)需滿足不同(tong)的(de)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)和(he)國(guo)(guo)內標(biao)準。東莞市石龍(long)富華電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有限公司開發(fa)中(zhong)心經理(li)林俊容向《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)報》記者介紹(shao)說(shuo),在(zai)(zai)(zai)安(an)(an)全方(fang)面(mian),鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)要滿足國(guo)(guo)內3C/GB4943的(de)要求,要取得3C認(ren)(ren)證(zheng)和(he)TLC認(ren)(ren)證(zheng),還要滿足YD1591規定(ding),出口則(ze)要完全符合國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)上IEC60950的(de)安(an)(an)全規定(ding)和(he)要求;在(zai)(zai)(zai)環保(bao)方(fang)面(mian),鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)要符合《電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)信息產品污(wu)染控(kong)制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)辦法》,或(huo)(huo)要符合國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)的(de)RoHS要求;在(zai)(zai)(zai)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)方(fang)面(mian),鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)要滿足YD/T1591中(zhong)關于效率與無負(fu)載能(neng)(neng)量消耗(hao)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)要求,或(huo)(huo)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)上的(de)CEC(加州能(neng)(neng)源委員會)及能(neng)(neng)源之星(EnergyStar)的(de)要求。

芯片勝在性價比

　　在(zai)鋰離子(zi)(zi)充電器(qi)中(zhong)(zhong),電池充電器(qi)芯(xin)(xin)片在(zai)系統(tong)設計中(zhong)(zhong)扮(ban)演著(zhu)重要的(de)角色。它是(shi)控制鋰離子(zi)(zi)充電狀態的(de)功率器(qi)件。目前,市場上主流的(de)充電器(qi)芯(xin)(xin)片包括(kuo)技領半導(dao)體(ti)(ACT)、美國超捷半導(dao)體(ti)(PI)、意法半導(dao)體(ti)(ST)、飛(fei)思卡爾(Freescale)、昂寶(OB)及懷(huai)格有限公司(IW)等廠家(jia)的(de)芯(xin)(xin)片。

　　在這些主(zhu)流芯片(pian)中,ACT的(de)(de)(de)(de)芯片(pian)單價(jia)(jia)最低(di),各種性能都(dou)達(da)到了(le)廠家的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu),因此市場(chang)(chang)也(ye)(ye)最火。去年ACT銷售了(le)1億多個鋰離(li)子(zi)充(chong)電(dian)器芯片(pian),中國(guo)國(guo)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰離(li)子(zi)充(chong)電(dian)器廠商基本(ben)都(dou)有(you)基于ACT芯片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)器產(chan)(chan)品(pin)系列(lie)。此外(wai),PI和ST的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)在市場(chang)(chang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)占有(you)率也(ye)(ye)非(fei)(fei)常高。其中,PI的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)性能非(fei)(fei)常好,但價(jia)(jia)格也(ye)(ye)非(fei)(fei)常貴,以前,外(wai)資鋰離(li)子(zi)充(chong)電(dian)器廠商大多都(dou)采(cai)用PI的(de)(de)(de)(de)芯片(pian)。而市場(chang)(chang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)流產(chan)(chan)品(pin)型(xing)號包(bao)括(kuo)ACT的(de)(de)(de)(de)ACT30和ACT35、ST的(de)(de)(de)(de)VIPER12系列(lie)、PI的(de)(de)(de)(de)LNK系列(lie)及(ji)昂寶的(de)(de)(de)(de)OB系列(lie)。

　　崧(song)順(shun)國際有(you)(you)限(xian)公司研發部技(ji)術總監喻德(de)茂向記者介(jie)紹(shao)說,鋰離子充電器企業在(zai)選(xuan)擇芯片(pian)時(shi),要考慮芯片(pian)的性(xing)能穩(wen)定度,是(shi)(shi)否便于設計(ji)生(sheng)產,價(jia)格是(shi)(shi)否優惠,是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)能夠(gou)滿(man)足CEC及Energystar等相關要求。而(er)東莞(guan)市(shi)石龍富華電子有(you)(you)限(xian)公司開發中(zhong)心經理(li)林(lin)俊容表(biao)示,他們在(zai)選(xuan)擇時(shi)考慮的是(shi)(shi)成(cheng)本和品質的綜合比較(jiao),也就是(shi)(shi)性(xing)價(jia)比上的考慮。

　　而(er)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)芯片廠商主要在(zai)安(an)全性,像(xiang)控制精(jing)度(du)(du)、熱處理等方(fang)面改(gai)善(shan)設計(ji)(ji)。像(xiang)飛思卡爾日前推出了一系(xi)(xi)列(lie)鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)產品MC34671、MC34673和(he)MC34674,具(ju)有(you)高(gao)(gao)精(jing)確度(du)(du)和(he)高(gao)(gao)集成度(du)(du)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)可以(yi)在(zai)整個溫度(du)(du)范圍(wei)內提(ti)供±0.4%的(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓精(jing)確度(du)(du)和(he)±5%的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流精(jing)確度(du)(du)。這(zhe)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)為單個鋰(li)離子或鋰(li)聚合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)提(ti)供高(gao)(gao)達1.2A的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。高(gao)(gao)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓功能(neng)(最高(gao)(gao)達28V)是專為消除手持器(qi)件所(suo)需(xu)的(de)外(wai)部(bu)輸(shu)入(ru)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)需(xu)要而(er)設計(ji)(ji)的(de),有(you)助(zhu)于(yu)降低(di)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)成本(ben)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)板空間。

　　而與(yu)此同時,Maxim(美信)也(ye)推出(chu)MAX8814首款(kuan)額定28V的單輸(shu)入充電器(qi),可(ke)以承(cheng)受高達28V的輸(shu)入瞬態變化。該器(qi)件(jian)通過(guo)集成Maxim專有的溫度及恒(heng)流(liu)恒(heng)壓(CCCV)調節(jie)電路,可(ke)以避免快速充電過(guo)程中(zhong)出(chu)現過(guo)熱,簡化了硬件(jian)設(she)計。

　　此外,微芯等企業也都推出了新的鋰離子充電器芯片(pian)產品(pin),而芯片(pian)企業在不斷提(ti)高(gao)產品(pin)性能、安全(quan)性和低功(gong)耗(hao)水平之外,降(jiang)低成本,提(ti)高(gao)性價比也是(shi)應該重點關注的。