電源適配器作為電氣設備的(de)配(pei)套(tao)設施(shi)，一(yi)旦出(chu)現故障需要及早(zao)處(chu)理。那電源適配(pei)器(qi)故障如何(he)排(pai)除?今天我們一(yi)起來簡單(dan)了解(jie)一(yi)下(xia)!

　　一、線路毛病

　　線(xian)(xian)路毛病，包括電(dian)源線(xian)(xian)損壞不(bu)(bu)通(tong)電(dian)、接觸(chu)口氧化接觸(chu)不(bu)(bu)良(liang)等狀(zhuang)況。重點檢查輸(shu)入(ru)線(xian)(xian)、輸(shu)出線(xian)(xian)能(neng)否(fou)通(tong)電(dian)。

　　若是線路(lu)毛病，可經過改換(huan)電源線等(deng)方(fang)式處理(li)。

　　二、輸出電壓過低

　　以下為惹起輸出電(dian)壓低的主(zhu)要緣由：

　　2.1 開(kai)(kai)(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)負(fu)載(zai)短(duan)路(lu)(lu)毛病(特別(bie)是 DC/DC 變(bian)換器短(duan)路(lu)(lu)或(huo)性能不(bu)良等) ，此時，首(shou)先斷開(kai)(kai)(kai)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的一(yi)切負(fu)載(zai)，檢查是開(kai)(kai)(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)毛病還是負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)有(you)毛病。假如斷開(kai)(kai)(kai)負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)而電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)出正(zheng)常，闡明是負(fu)載(zai)過(guo)重;或(huo)仍不(bu)正(zheng)常闡明開(kai)(kai)(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)有(you)毛病。

　　2.2 輸出電(dian)壓端濾波電(dian)容或整流二極管失效等，能夠(gou)經過交(jiao)換法停(ting)止判別。

　　2.3 開(kai)(kai)關管的性能降落(luo)(luo)，招致開(kai)(kai)關管無法正常導通，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的內阻增加，負(fu)(fu)(fu)載才能降落(luo)(luo)。 2.4 開(kai)(kai)關變壓(ya)器不良，不只形(xing)成輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降落(luo)(luo)，同時形(xing)成開(kai)(kai)關管鼓勵(li)缺(que)乏(fa)從而損(sun)壞開(kai)(kai)關管 2.5 300V 濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)容不良，形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)源帶(dai)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載才能差，一接負(fu)(fu)(fu)載輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)便會降落(luo)(luo)。

　　三、輸出電壓過高

　　輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過高普通來自(zi)于(yu)穩壓(ya)取樣(yang)和穩壓(ya)控制電(dian)(dian)路。在直流(liu)輸出(chu)、取樣(yang)電(dian)(dian)阻、誤差取樣(yang)放大器如 TL431、光耦、電(dian)(dian)源控制芯片等電(dian)(dian)路共同構成(cheng)的閉合控制環路，其中任何(he)一個零件呈現(xian)問(wen)題都會形成(cheng)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高。

　　四、保險管正常，無輸出電壓

　　保險管(guan)正常，無(wu)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓標明(ming)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)未工(gong)作或(huo)進入了(le)維(wei)護狀態。第一步要檢查電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)控制芯(xin)片的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)腳的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的數值， 若無(wu)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓或(huo)者啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過低， 則檢查啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)腳外接的元件及啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻能否(fou)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　若(ruo)電(dian)源控(kong)制芯(xin)(xin)片(pian)正常(chang)，可經(jing)上述監測(ce)疾速查(cha)到毛(mao)病(bing)所在(zai)。若(ruo)有啟動電(dian)壓，則丈量控(kong)制芯(xin)(xin)片(pian)的輸(shu)出 端在(zai)開機(ji)霎時能否(fou)存(cun)在(zai)高、低電(dian)平的跳變，如若(ruo)無(wu)跳變，闡明控(kong)制芯(xin)(xin)片(pian)損壞、 外(wai)圍振蕩電(dian)路(lu)元件損壞或維護電(dian)路(lu)存(cun)在(zai)毛(mao)病(bing)，經(jing)過(guo)交換控(kong)制芯(xin)(xin)片(pian)、檢查(cha)外(wai)圍元件，逐一停止檢查(cha);若(ruo)在(zai)跳變，多數狀(zhuang)況為為開關管不良或損壞。

　　五、保險燒壞或炸掉

　　主要檢查整流橋、各二極管、開關(guan)(guan)管以及300伏(fu)上的大濾(lv)波電(dian)(dian)容(rong)等部(bu)位。招致(zhi)(zhi)保險燒(shao)(shao)、發黑，也可能是(shi)抗干擾(rao)電(dian)(dian)路出問題惹起。特別值得(de)留(liu)意的是(shi)：因開關(guan)(guan)管擊穿招致(zhi)(zhi)保險燒(shao)(shao)，通常會燒(shao)(shao)壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)控制芯片和電(dian)(dian)流檢測電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。熱敏電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)也很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)和保險一(yi)同被燒(shao)(shao)壞(huai)。