1、 鉛酸蓄電池為什么在初次使用前要使用電動車充電器進行補充充電？

答：電池從出(chu)廠到(dao)使用，一(yi)般要經過(guo)1-2個(ge)月，甚至更長(chang)的(de)時間，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在存放(fang)期間由(you)于電(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部的(de)自(zi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)等自(zi)發反應，消耗了一(yi)部分電(dian)(dian)量，達(da)不(bu)到(dao)額定容量值，所以(yi)初次(ci)使用前，最好進行(xing)補充充電(dian)(dian)，以(yi)免顧(gu)客誤認為是容量不(bu)足。

2、 電動車如果要存放較長時間應該怎樣對電動車電池進行處理？

答：首先應將電動車電池充(chong)(chong)足電存放(fang)，并且應(ying)該(gai)一(yi)個月內至少充(chong)(chong)一(yi)次電，防止虧電，能有(you)效防止晶技(ji)生成造成不可逆鹽化和晶枝短路等。

3、 電池使用充電器進行充電前要不要先放完電？

答：電動車鉛酸蓄電池不(bu)同于其(qi)它二次電池，它無記憶(yi)效應，所以，無論電池處于何種(zhong)荷(he)電狀態，都可(ke)直接進行充電，無須(xu)放(fang)電。

4、電池是勤(qin)充電好還是放完(wan)電再充電好？

答：由于放電越深越淺，其循環次數將大幅度增加。因此，按這一理論，勤充電對循環壽命是有益的，但就目前市場上大量流通使用的充電器來講，由于受價格因素及技術水平等影響，充電器存(cun)在故(gu)障(zhang)率高(gao)，可(ke)靠性(xing)差，精(jing)度低等缺陷(xian)。因此，有時(shi)勤充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)反而(er)影響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命。將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)空再(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次(ci)數雖然(ran)減少，但放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)由于單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)之間總會(hui)存(cun)在差異(yi)可(ke)能造成某些單(dan)格過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)受能力會(hui)大(da)大(da)降低，引(yin)起充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不足的(de)(de)故(gu)障(zhang)，另外由于放(fang)完(wan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)再(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器重負荷時(shi)間長，易損(sun)壞充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。因此，綜(zong)合(he)上述，我們(men)認為(wei)蓄 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)50-70%時(shi)進(jin)行一次(ci)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)較(jiao)合(he)理的(de)(de)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)使(shi)用有好(hao)處。

5、過充電和欠充電有什么害處？

答：過充電即蓄電池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于(yu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可接受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，多出部(bu)分即是(shi)(shi)過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)主要是(shi)(shi)產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)水的(de)副反應，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)正極(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)氧(yang)氣轉(zhuan)移到負極(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)氧(yang)復(fu)合(he)反應，會發(fa)生(sheng)熱量(liang)，因此過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)實際轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)熱量(liang)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度升高，若不(bu)加(jia)以控(kong)制，會造成(cheng)大(da)量(liang)失(shi)水，嚴重者造成(cheng)“熱失(shi)控(kong)”容量(liang)劇減，甚(shen)至變形等故障(zhang)。欠充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)俗講就是(shi)(shi)未充(chong)飽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經(jing)常處于(yu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)足的(de)情(qing)況下，極(ji)極(ji)就會逐漸形成(cheng)一(yi)種粗(cu)大(da)堅硬的(de)硫酸(suan)鉛(qian)，它幾乎不(bu)溶解(jie)，即產(chan)生(sheng)所(suo)謂的(de)“不(bu)可逆硫酸(suan)鹽(yan)化”，使(shi)用普通(tong)的(de)方法無法充(chong)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此容量(liang)會一(yi)次一(yi)次地快速衰減。

6、過放電對電池(chi)有什么(me)害處(chu)？

電(dian)(dian)池在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中(zhong)正極活性(xing)物(wu)(wu)質，負極活性(xing)物(wu)(wu)質均逐(zhu)漸轉化成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)阻很(hen)大(da)PBSO4，并消耗電(dian)(dian)解(jie)液中(zhong)的硫(liu)酸(suan)，內(nei)阻逐(zhu)漸增大(da)，因此(ci)過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)時，特別是以較大(da)電(dian)(dian)流過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)會(hui)發(fa)出大(da)量(liang)(liang)熱量(liang)(liang)，并且(qie)電(dian)(dian)池的硫(liu)酸(suan)量(liang)(liang)很(hen)少，過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)時硫(liu)酸(suan)濃度(du)減得很(hen)低，PBSO4溶(rong)解(jie)度(du)大(da)幅度(du)增加，因此(ci)容易(yi)在(zai)極板上形成(cheng)一種(zhong)粗(cu)大(da)堅(jian)硬(ying)的PBSO4晶體(ti)，即“不可逆硫(liu)酸(suan)鹽(yan)化”大(da)大(da)地減弱電(dian)(dian)池的充電(dian)(dian)接受能力，危害特別大(da)。

7、電動車電池使用時需要補液嗎？

答：一般情況下(xia)無(wu)需(xu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)液(ye)，由(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)助力車鉛酸(suan)密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)池屬一種閥控密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)池，正常(chang)(chang)使(shi)用過程中發生氧復合反應(ying)(ying)，使(shi)其水(shui)耗量極少(shao)，在正常(chang)(chang)壽命期間無(wu)需(xu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)加電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)或(huo)水(shui)。但由(you)于(yu)受使(shi)用環境條件和充電(dian)(dian)的影響可能會有一些電(dian)(dian)池失(shi)水(shui)量較大，甚至發生干(gan)涸現象(xiang)，此時應(ying)(ying)對其補(bu)(bu)(bu)加電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)或(huo)純水(shui)，補(bu)(bu)(bu)加電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)密(mi)度為1.05g/cm 的稀硫(liu)酸(suan)或(huo)純水(shui)，使(shi)失(shi)水(shui)較嚴重(zhong)的電(dian)(dian)池重(zhong)新(xin)恢復正常(chang)(chang)。補(bu)(bu)(bu)液(ye)后(hou)還應(ying)(ying)將多余的游離液(ye)抽出(chu)。

8、電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)(dian)池什(shen)么情(qing)況下需進行(xing)維(wei)護充電(dian)(dian)，其充電(dian)(dian)參數怎(zen)(zen)樣(yang)，怎(zen)(zen)樣(yang)進行(xing)維(wei)護充電(dian)(dian)？

答：電動車電池遇下列情況之一時需要進行維護充電：1、電池容量衰減(jian)減(jian)速太快；2、出(chu)現落后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)；3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)失(shi)液(ye)后(hou)，重新補(bu)液(ye)；4、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)長時(shi)(shi)間放(fang)(fang)置后(hou)；5、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)出(chu)現嚴(yan)重過(guo)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)；6、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)長時(shi)(shi)間處于低(di)溫環境工作等；7、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數不合理(li)長期(qi)(qi)欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；維護充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數怎樣定；一般采(cai)(cai)用(yong)恒壓限流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或多階段恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前中期(qi)(qi)與車配(pei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)參數基本一致，只是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)將充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最(zui)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓提高(gao)到16V/只或更高(gao)。即(ji)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進(jin)行深度充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)修復已落后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。維護充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也叫均(jun)衡充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

9、電池(chi)初始(shi)容量大小與(yu)壽命有什么(me)關系？

答：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)受活(huo)性物(wu)質和利用(yong)率(lv)影響。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動助力車蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)外形尺寸一(yi)定，極(ji)板的質量(liang)(liang)(liang)已被限制到一(yi)定的程(cheng)度，只(zhi)有提高活(huo)性物(wu)質的利用(yong)率(lv)，才能(neng)提高容量(liang)(liang)(liang)。要提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)，必然增加孔率(lv)，提高PbO2含量(liang)(liang)(liang)、硫(liu)酸比重，但是(shi)這些(xie)措施(shi)都會加速(su)正極(ji)板的軟化，造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命(ming)(ming)加速(su)衰減，充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中活(huo)性物(wu)質會產生膨脹、收縮 (特別是(shi)正極(ji)板)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深度越(yue)深，活(huo)性物(wu)質膨脹收縮量(liang)(liang)(liang)越(yue)大，更(geng)加速(su)活(huo)性物(wu)質軟化。因此，初(chu)始(shi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)偏大時直接影響蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次數。當然要滿(man)(man)足使(shi)用(yong)，要求初(chu)始(shi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)不能(neng)太小，需要一(yi)種(zhong)折(zhe)中的選擇(ze)才能(neng)滿(man)(man)足需要，既保證延長壽命(ming)(ming)，又(you)確(que)保容量(liang)(liang)(liang)滿(man)(man)足使(shi)用(yong)要求。

10、電池電壓高容量就大嗎(ma)？

答：電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓與容(rong)量(liang)是(shi)兩個(ge)概念，電(dian)(dian)壓與電(dian)(dian)極(ji)材料和電(dian)(dian)解液濃度相(xiang)關，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容(rong)量(liang)是(shi)活(huo)性物(wu)質經電(dian)(dian)化學反應產生電(dian)(dian)流而釋放出來(lai)的，它與各活(huo)性物(wu)質的量(liang)，反應條(tiao)件及利用率，連接等(deng)有(you)關，因此(ci)電(dian)(dian)壓高不能說容(rong)量(liang)就高，電(dian)(dian)壓低(di)也不一定容(rong)量(liang)就低(di)。

11、溫度對電(dian)池性(xing)能有什(shen)么(me)影響？

答：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上發生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)應(ying)，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池各活性物質的(de)活度(du)(du)增(zeng)加，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)粘度(du)(du)降低，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)減小，因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)應(ying)容(rong)(rong)易進行，反(fan)之則不容(rong)(rong)易進行。放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)低，放(fang)(fang)出容(rong)(rong)量越(yue)(yue)低，在(zai)(zai)特(te)別低的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下(xia)，放(fang)(fang)出容(rong)(rong)量將大幅度(du)(du)下(xia)降，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao)則相反(fan)；充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)低，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)受能力越(yue)(yue)差，要(yao)求充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)較高(gao)，才(cai)能充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。反(fan)之溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)高(gao)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接(jie)受能力越(yue)(yue)好(hao)，易造成過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此要(yao)求降低充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，才(cai)不至(zhi)于造成過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)變化，直接(jie)影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能。

12、電動(dong)車(che)電池循環次數是(shi)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)嗎？

答：循環次數，根據放電深度不同而差別很大，放電深度越深，循環次數越小，放電深度越淺，循環次數越多，有時是呈指數變化，根據試驗結果放電深渡與循環次數聯系如下表：
放電深度 100% 70% 50% 20% 10%
循環次數 350次 550次 1000次 2800次 7000次