1.充電器要匹配：如果更換充電器或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)時候，最好請專業維修人員推薦。不要過(guo)多關心那些(xie)數(shu)據，因(yin)為一般充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都是設定好的(de)(de)(de)，但是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池是一個動(dong)態的(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)命過(guo)程，嚴格講目前市(shi)場(chang)上沒(mei)有足夠(gou)保證(zheng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。但是一分價錢一分貨，好的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)絕對對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池有好的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效果，估計南京市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)價格要在75元以上才能算好一點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)（有待核(he)實，呵呵）

2.“勤充(chong)淺放”，就(jiu)是每次(ci)用過后(hou)有條件就(jiu)充(chong)電(dian)，同時盡量不要一次(ci)用到欠(qian)壓再充(chong)電(dian)（這應(ying)該屬于使用方法），每次(ci)都充(chong)滿(man)，實(shi)在來不及充(chong)不滿(man)那也沒有辦法，以實(shi)用為標準嗎，不能(neng)為物所累！

3.一般情況下，充滿的參考是：按照充電器轉燈以后1個小時左右，不超過2小時為最好。這個要根據電池的新舊程度，充電器一般是按照8～10小時充(chong)(chong)滿（指的(de)是騎行(xing)了較(jiao)遠，電(dian)池放電(dian)接(jie)近欠(qian)壓的(de)情況(kuang)）設計的(de)，目(mu)前市場上也(ye)有(you)8小時后(hou)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)停充(chong)(chong)的(de)（這有(you)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)的(de)危險，呵(he)(he)呵(he)(he)），注意(yi)有(you)點維(wei)修人員所(suo)說新電(dian)池要充(chong)(chong)足(zu)12小時以(yi)上的(de)說法是不恰當的(de)。要根(gen)據使用情況(kuang)和自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)情況(kuang)，比如(ru)白天騎行(xing)里程長，就多充(chong)(chong)一會兒(er)，騎行(xing)的(de)里程短，就少充(chong)(chong)一會兒(er)，或者說睡覺前掌握充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)(jian)早晚(wan)有(you)個參考，不至(zhi)于為了十分精確的(de)時間(jian)(jian)半夜起(qi)床吧，呵(he)(he)呵(he)(he)。

4.按(an)照國際電池屆的(de)新理論(lun)，最好是(shi)每(mei)7~15次(ci)(ci)充(chong)(chong)電，進行(xing)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)盡充(chong)(chong)盡放，這樣(yang)，有利于(yu)提高(gao)電池的(de)容量，延長電池的(de)壽命。這個方(fang)法建(jian)議(yi)大(da)家了(le)解就(jiu)行(xing)，因為搞不好就(jiu)會出現不良后果，呵呵。如(ru)是(shi)專業人員或者特別愛好才可以(yi)一(yi)試(shi)：盡放的(de)方(fang)法比較簡單，就(jiu)是(shi)騎(qi)行(xing)車到(dao)第一(yi)次(ci)(ci)指示斷電。一(yi)般(ban)的(de)電動自行(xing)車均有欠壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)護，對于(yu)標稱36V的(de)電動自行(xing)車來說，多數控制器的(de)欠壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)護電壓(ya)在33V左右(you)。如(ru)果第一(yi)次(ci)(ci)斷電以(yi)后，電池電壓(ya)還(huan)會慢慢回復到(dao)可以(yi)供電，此(ci)時，千萬(wan)不要再用(yong)電池里的(de)電量，否則(ze)會使電池過放電的(de)，將比較嚴重點影(ying)響電池的(de)壽命。盡充(chong)(chong)就(jiu)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)滿電，更簡單了(le)。

5.影響電(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)效(xiao)果和壽命的因素太多了，比(bi)較(jiao)明顯的如溫(wen)度等，關鍵還有電(dian)(dian)動車使用方法。好多電(dian)(dian)動車的說(shuo)明書好像全(quan)部是笑(xiao)話(hua)，比(bi)如“逆風、上坡條件要助(zhu)(zhu)力(li)，最(zui)好不要用電(dian)(dian)”“不要帶人(ren)”……，其(qi)實大家(jia)也要注意(yi)，目(mu)前的電(dian)(dian)動車技術上，電(dian)(dian)池提供(gong)的最(zui)后效(xiao)果，應該(gai)是助(zhu)(zhu)力(li)為主(zhu)，如果強行啟動使用以及(ji)帶人(ren)，恐(kong)怕耗電(dian)(dian)情況或者說(shuo)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池的損傷情況，不僅是1倍(bei)數的關系。方便的話(hua)，建議(yi)大家(jia)多助(zhu)(zhu)助(zhu)(zhu)力(li)。

6.不同蓄電(dian)池廠家關于充電(dian)方法的說明略有(you)不同，本辦法僅供參考。

7 、第一次使用電動車前必須充滿12個小時以上外，平時一般電量較為充裕時充2-3個小時就可以了，如果電量較少也就6-7個小時。 
8、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)的(de)主要部(bu)件是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，成本最(zui)高的(de)也是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，而(er)目(mu)前(qian)損耗最(zui)快(kuai)的(de)還是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。目(mu)前(qian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)都是(shi)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。過(guo)充會加大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)水損失，加速(su)板柵(zha)腐蝕，活性物質軟化，增加電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)幾率，最(zui)終造成對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)致命傷害。 

 
9、如果使(shi)(shi)用得當，普通(tong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)使(shi)(shi)用2年左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)問題(ti)不大，反(fan)之，使(shi)(shi)用壽命大大減短(duan)，使(shi)(shi)用半年時間就不得不調換新電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的情況。而現在電(dian)動車電(dian)池(chi)(chi)價(jia)格高(gao)達(da)500元左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)，少的也要300元左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)。 

 
正確使用延長電池壽命 

 
1.在(zai)電(dian)(dian)動車上橋、爬坡或在(zai)頂風行駛時，應該輔(fu)以人力驅動，防止電(dian)(dian)池供電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流陡然增大。 

 
2.在剛上車騎(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)或行(xing)(xing)駛途(tu)中緊急剎(cha)車止速后又要騎(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)時(shi)，最好用腳(jiao)蹬幾(ji)下，等電(dian)動車有一定(ding)的車速后再加(jia)以電(dian)動騎(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)。盡量(liang)不要使電(dian)動車在靜止狀態下直接使用電(dian)力啟動。 

 
3.在騎(qi)行(xing)中，若需(xu)加(jia)速(su)(su)時，應緩慢旋轉調速(su)(su)把，避免直接(jie)加(jia)速(su)(su)至最(zui)(zui)快檔。因為這樣不僅不會立即提高車速(su)(su)，而(er)且還(huan)會產生沖擊電(dian)流造(zao)成(cheng)對電(dian)池的(de)傷害。在路況允許的(de)條(tiao)件下，盡可能使(shi)電(dian)動車以最(zui)(zui)高時速(su)(su)行(xing)駛。 

 
4.在騎行中，盡量避(bi)免頻繁剎車、啟(qi)動，在道路擁擠時(shi)多用腳蹬驅動。這樣不僅(jin)增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)“續行里(li)程”，提高了(le)電池使用效率，同樣也延長了(le)電池的使用壽命。 

 
5.經常充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)池經常處于充(chong)(chong)滿狀態，有條(tiao)件(jian)的要做到隨(sui)用隨(sui)充(chong)(chong)，但要把握(wo)好充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間總量(liang)。 

 
6.準備長期不(bu)用(yong)的，應將電(dian)池(chi)充滿后存(cun)放，并定期補電(dian)(1個月)。 

 
7.電(dian)(dian)量顯示電(dian)(dian)池(chi)已沒電(dian)(dian)了，一(yi)段時間后發現電(dian)(dian)池(chi)又有小量電(dian)(dian)壓，稱為“回升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)壓”。不要(yao)使用這“回升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)壓”來行駛。 

 
、電(dian)池為什么在初次使(shi)用(yong)前要進(jin)行(xing)補充充電(dian)？ 

答：電池從出廠到(dao)使(shi)用，一(yi)般(ban)要(yao)經過 1-2 個(ge)月，甚至更長的時(shi)間，電池在存放(fang)期間由于電池內部(bu)的自放(fang)電等自發(fa)反應，消耗了一(yi)部(bu)分電量，達不到(dao)額定容量值(zhi)，所(suo)以初次使(shi)用前，最好進行補充(chong)充(chong)電，以免顧客誤認為是容量不足。

2、電(dian)動(dong)車如果要存(cun)放較長時間(jian)應該怎樣對電(dian)池進行處理？ 

答：首先(xian)應將電(dian)池充(chong)足電(dian)存放(fang)，并且應該一個月內(nei)至少(shao)充(chong)一次電(dian)，防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)虧電(dian)，能有效(xiao)防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)晶技生成造成不可逆鹽化(hua)和晶枝短路(lu)等(deng)。

3、電池充電前要不要先放(fang)完電？ 

答：鉛酸蓄電(dian)池不同于其它(ta)二次電(dian)池，它(ta)無(wu)記憶效應，所以，無(wu)論電(dian)池處于何種荷電(dian)狀態，都可直接進行充電(dian)，無(wu)須(xu)放電(dian)。

4、電池是勤充電好還是放完電再充電好？ 

答：由于放電越淺，其循環次數將大幅度增加。因此，按這一理論，勤充電對循環壽命是有益的，但就目前市場上大量流通使用的充電器來講，由于受價格因素及技術水平等影響，充電器存在故障率高，可靠性差，精度低等缺陷。因此，有時勤充電反而影響電池的使用壽命。將電池放空再充電，充電次數雖然減少，但放電時由于單體電池之間總會存在差異可能造成某些單格過放電，過放電池充電接受能力會大大降低，引起充電不足的故障，另外由于放完電再充電，充電器重負荷時間長，易損壞充電器。因此，綜合上述(shu)，我們認為蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池放出(chu)電(dian)(dian)量的 50-70% 時進行一次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)是較合理(li)的，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池的使用有好處。

5、過充(chong)(chong)電和欠充(chong)(chong)電有什(shen)么害處？ 

答：過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)即(ji)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)于蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)接受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，多(duo)出部分即(ji)是(shi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量，過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)主要是(shi)產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解水(shui)的副反應(ying)，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正極(ji)產生(sheng)氧(yang)氣轉移(yi)到負極(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)氧(yang)復合反應(ying)，會(hui)發(fa)生(sheng)熱(re)(re)量，因(yin)此(ci)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量實際轉換成熱(re)(re)量使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)溫度升高，若(ruo)不(bu)加(jia)以控(kong)制，會(hui)造成大(da)量失水(shui)，嚴重(zhong)者(zhe)造成 “ 熱(re)(re)失控(kong) ” 容量劇減，甚至變形等故障。欠充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)俗講就是(shi)未充(chong)(chong)飽(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)經常處于充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)足(zu)的情況下，極(ji)極(ji)就會(hui)逐漸(jian)形成一(yi)種粗大(da)堅硬的硫酸鉛，它幾乎不(bu)溶解，即(ji)產生(sheng)所謂(wei)的 “ 不(bu)可(ke)逆(ni)硫酸鹽化 ” ，使(shi)用普通(tong)的方法(fa)無法(fa)充(chong)(chong)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)，因(yin)此(ci)容量會(hui)一(yi)次一(yi)次地快速衰減。

6、過放電對電池(chi)有(you)什么(me)害(hai)處？ 

電(dian)池在(zai)放電(dian)過程中正極(ji)活(huo)性物(wu)質，負(fu)極(ji)活(huo)性物(wu)質均逐漸轉化(hua)成(cheng)電(dian)阻很大(da) PBSO4 ，并(bing)消耗電(dian)解液中的硫(liu)酸，內阻逐漸增(zeng)大(da)，因此過放電(dian)時，特別是(shi)以(yi)較大(da)電(dian)流過放電(dian)會發出大(da)量(liang)熱量(liang)，并(bing)且電(dian)池的硫(liu)酸量(liang)很少(shao)，過放電(dian)時硫(liu)酸濃度減得(de)很低， PBSO4 溶解度大(da)幅度增(zeng)加，因此容易(yi)在(zai)極(ji)板上形成(cheng)一種粗(cu)大(da)堅硬的 PBSO4 晶(jing)體，即 “ 不可逆硫(liu)酸鹽化(hua) ” 大(da)大(da)地(di)減弱電(dian)池的充(chong)電(dian)接受能力，危害特別大(da)。

7、電動車電池什么(me)情況下(xia)需進行維(wei)(wei)護(hu)充(chong)電，其充(chong)電參數(shu)怎樣，怎樣進行維(wei)(wei)護(hu)充(chong)電？ 

答：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)遇下(xia)列情況之一時(shi)需(xu)要進行維(wei)護充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)： 1 、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量衰減減速太快(kuai)； 2 、出現落后(hou)(hou)(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)； 3 、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)失液后(hou)(hou)(hou)，重新(xin)補液； 4 、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)長時(shi)間(jian)(jian)放(fang)置后(hou)(hou)(hou)； 5 、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)出現嚴重過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)； 6 、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)長時(shi)間(jian)(jian)處于低溫(wen)環境工作等； 7 、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)合(he)理長期欠充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；維(wei)護充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)怎樣定；一般采用恒(heng)壓限流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或多(duo)階段恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前中期與車配充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)基本一致，只是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)期將充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓提高到更高。即采用WD充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進行深度(du)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)修復已(yi)落后(hou)(hou)(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。維(wei)護充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也叫(jiao)均衡充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

8、電(dian)池(chi)初始容量大(da)小與壽命有什(shen)么(me)關系？ 

答：電池容(rong)量(liang)(liang)受活(huo)性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)和利用(yong)率影響。電動助力(li)車蓄電池外(wai)形尺寸一定，極(ji)板(ban)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)已被限(xian)制到一定的(de)程度(du)，只有提(ti)高活(huo)性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)利用(yong)率，才(cai)能提(ti)高容(rong)量(liang)(liang)。要提(ti)高電池容(rong)量(liang)(liang)，必然(ran)增加(jia)孔率，提(ti)高 PbO2 含量(liang)(liang)、硫酸比重，但是這些措(cuo)施(shi)都會加(jia)速正極(ji)板(ban)的(de)軟(ruan)化(hua)(hua)，造成(cheng)電池壽命(ming)加(jia)速衰減，充放電過程中(zhong)活(huo)性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)會產生膨脹(zhang)、收縮 ( 特別是正極(ji)板(ban) ) ，放電深度(du)越(yue)深，活(huo)性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)膨脹(zhang)收縮量(liang)(liang)越(yue)大(da)，更加(jia)速活(huo)性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)軟(ruan)化(hua)(hua)。因此，初始容(rong)量(liang)(liang)偏大(da)時直接影響蓄電池充放電次數。當然(ran)要滿(man)足使用(yong)，要求初始容(rong)量(liang)(liang)不能太小，需要一種折(zhe)中(zhong)的(de)選擇才(cai)能滿(man)足需要，既保證延長壽命(ming)，又確保容(rong)量(liang)(liang)滿(man)足使用(yong)要求。

9、電池電壓高容量就(jiu)大嗎？ 

答(da)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與(yu)容量是兩(liang)個概念，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極材料和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)濃度相關(guan)(guan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容量是活(huo)性(xing)物質經電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)應產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)而釋放出(chu)來的，它(ta)與(yu)各活(huo)性(xing)物質的量，反(fan)應條件及利用(yong)率，連(lian)接等有關(guan)(guan)，因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓高不能說容量就(jiu)高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓低也不一定容量就(jiu)低。

10、溫度對電池性能有什么影(ying)響？ 

答(da)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極上發生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反應(ying)(ying)，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)各活(huo)(huo)性物質的(de)活(huo)(huo)度(du)(du)增加，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液粘度(du)(du)降低(di)(di)(di)(di)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻減小，因此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反應(ying)(ying)容易(yi)(yi)進(jin)行(xing)，反之(zhi)則(ze)(ze)不容易(yi)(yi)進(jin)行(xing)。放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，放(fang)(fang)(fang)出(chu)容量越(yue)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，在(zai)特別低(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下(xia)，放(fang)(fang)(fang)出(chu)容量將大幅度(du)(du)下(xia)降，溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao)則(ze)(ze)相(xiang)反；充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受(shou)能力(li)越(yue)差，要(yao)求充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)較高(gao)，才能充(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。反之(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)高(gao)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)接受(shou)能力(li)越(yue)好(hao)，易(yi)(yi)造成過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此(ci)要(yao)求降低(di)(di)(di)(di)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，才不至于造成過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。此(ci)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)變(bian)化(hua)，直接影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能。

11、電(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)池循環(huan)次數是(shi)一定的嗎？ 

答：循環次數，根據放電深度不同而差別很大，放電深度越深，循環次數越小，放電深度越淺，循環次數越多，有時是呈指數變化，根據試驗結果放電深渡與循環次數聯系如下表： 
放電深(shen)度(du)100% 70% 50% 20% 10% 循環(huan)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)350 次(ci)(ci) 550 次(ci)(ci) 1000 次(ci)(ci) 2800 次(ci)(ci) 7000 次(ci)(ci)