在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的(de)重要(yao)步驟。適當合理(li)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)對延(yan)長電(dian)池(chi)壽命很有(you)好處，而野蠻胡亂充(chong)(chong)電(dian)將會對電(dian)池(chi)壽命有(you)很大影響。上一篇曾說過，目前的(de)鋰電(dian)池(chi)基(ji)本(ben)都是根(gen)據各(ge)個(ge)產(chan)品單獨(du)封裝，互不通用的(de)，因(yin)此各(ge)個(ge)產(chan)品也提供(gong)各(ge)自的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)設備(bei)，互不通用，在(zai)使用時只要(yao)遵(zun)循各(ge)自的(de)說明書使用即(ji)可(ke)。所以本(ben)篇對電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)介紹主要(yao)是指鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)。對鎳隔(ge)電(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)有(you)兩種(zhong)方式，就是我們大家所熟知的(de)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)”和“慢充(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)和慢充(chong)(chong)是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)概念，只有(you)了(le)解了(le)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)和慢充(chong)(chong)才能正確掌握充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)有200mA，是(shi)不是(shi)快充？這個答案并不絕對，應該(gai)回(hui)答對于某些電(dian)池來說，它(ta)是(shi)快充，而對于某些電(dian)池來說，它(ta)只(zhi)是(shi)慢(man)(man)充。那(nei)我們究竟(jing)怎樣來判別快充還是(shi)慢(man)(man)充呢(ni)？

　　例(li)如一(yi)(yi)節5號鎳氫電池的電容量為(wei)1200mAH，而另一(yi)(yi)節則為(wei)1600mAH。我們(men)把一(yi)(yi)節電池的電容量稱為(wei)1C，可(ke)見(jian)1C只是一(yi)(yi)個邏輯概(gai)念，同樣的1C，并不(bu)相(xiang)等(deng)。

　　在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流小于0.1C時(shi)，我們稱為涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)。顧名思義，是指電(dian)流很小。一般而言(yan)，涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)能夠把(ba)電(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的很足(zu)，而不傷害電(dian)池壽命，但用(yong)涓流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)所花的時(shi)間實在太(tai)長(chang)，因(yin)此(ci)很少單(dan)獨使用(yong)，而是和其它(ta)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)方式結合(he)使用(yong)。

　　充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在0.1C-0.2C之(zhi)間時，我(wo)們稱(cheng)為慢(man)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于(yu)(yu)0.2C，小于(yu)(yu)0.8C則(ze)是快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。而當(dang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于(yu)(yu)0.8C時，我(wo)們稱(cheng)之(zhi)為超高速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　正因(yin)為1C是(shi)個邏輯概(gai)念而(er)非絕(jue)對(dui)值，因(yin)此根據1C折(zhe)算(suan)的(de)快充(chong)慢(man)充(chong)也是(shi)一個相(xiang)對(dui)值。前面例(li)子中提(ti)到(dao)的(de)200mA充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流對(dui)于1200mAH的(de)電(dian)池來(lai)說(shuo)是(shi)慢(man)充(chong)，而(er)對(dui)于700mAH的(de)電(dian)池來(lai)說(shuo)就是(shi)快充(chong)。

　　知道了快(kuai)慢充(chong)(chong)的概念后，我們(men)還(huan)需要(yao)了解(jie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的情(qing)況才能對電(dian)(dian)池正確充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。目(mu)前(qian)市場上的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)主要(yao)分為恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)和自動充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)兩種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是(shi)市場上最常見的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，從鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池時(shi)(shi)代，我們(men)就開始使用恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)。恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)通常使用慢速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，它的使用相對(dui)比較簡單，只需(xu)將電(dian)(dian)池放在(zai)電(dian)(dian)池倉中即可充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。需(xu)要注(zhu)意(yi)的是(shi)，對(dui)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間的計算要準確。

　　對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)有個簡單的(de)公式：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。例如(ru)：對(dui)(dui)1200mAH的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)150mA，則時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)1800mAH/150mA等于12小時(shi)(shi)(shi)。當然(ran)在很多時(shi)(shi)(shi)候并(bing)不能計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)出(chu)正好的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，我們可(ke)以挑離得(de)最近的(de)半小時(shi)(shi)(shi)以方便記時(shi)(shi)(shi)。例如(ru)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)160mA，對(dui)(dui)1400mAH的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)(wei)13小時(shi)(shi)(shi)，而不用計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)到分。恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)構造簡單，工作穩(wen)定(ding)，是(shi)一種不錯的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式，對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命的(de)影響小。但它(ta)也有其局限性，首先必(bi)須計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，另外隨著鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)容量(liang)越來(lai)越大，恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)需的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)也越來(lai)越長，對(dui)(dui)使用帶來(lai)了(le)一定(ding)的(de)不便。因此，近年來(lai)快(kuai)速自(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)也逐(zhu)漸流(liu)行起來(lai)

三、快速自動充電器

　　快速自動(dong)充電(dian)器在這兩年越(yue)來越(yue)受到大家歡迎，它具有充電(dian)速度快，安全等(deng)特(te)點。但也有一部分人(ren)對它有疑慮(lv)，因為(wei)快速充電(dian)器基本(ben)都使用(yong)快充電(dian)流來充電(dian)，這些人(ren)怕它會對電(dian)池(chi)的壽命產生影響。那么實際的情況如何呢？

首先要肯定的(de)(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命的(de)(de)影響(xiang)是(shi)很小(xiao)的(de)(de)，在(zai)很多(duo)情況下我們都要用到(dao)快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)甚至超(chao)高(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)有(you)時(shi)可以達到(dao)2C或更高(gao)。大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)并不是(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)殺手，真正對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命產生影響(xiang)的(de)(de)是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)產生的(de)(de)高(gao)熱(re)。

　　我們對(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時要使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓稍高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)進(jin)行(xing)，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)本身對(dui)(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)會產生一個反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)有(you)一部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為了(le)(le)(le)抵消反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)而(er)白(bai)白(bai)作功，轉(zhuan)化為熱(re)(re)(re)能(neng)。當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)越大，就有(you)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)被轉(zhuan)化為熱(re)(re)(re)能(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)就越高(gao)。過(guo)(guo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)對(dui)(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)有(you)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)慢(man)(man)速(su)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，由(you)于是(shi)(shi)慢(man)(man)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產生的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)量在(zai)可控制(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)圍內(nei)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)并(bing)不(bu)需(xu)要采(cai)(cai)取特殊的(de)(de)(de)措施。但在(zai)快(kuai)速(su)自動(dong)(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)就會產生更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)目前市(shi)場(chang)上的(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)自動(dong)(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)(le)各種方法(fa)(fa)來(lai)降低(di)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)，通(tong)常所(suo)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)余(yu)弦法(fa)(fa)，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)說(shuo)并(bing)非用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)像余(yu)弦波那樣(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)強度(du)隨之變化，這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)能(neng)緩解熱(re)(re)(re)量的(de)(de)(de)積(ji)聚，從而(er)將溫(wen)(wen)度(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)一定(ding)范(fan)圍內(nei)。由(you)于這(zhe)(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)不(bu)再使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也(ye)和過(guo)(guo)去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有(you)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)別使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)另一個問(wen)題是(shi)(shi)，當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間到了(le)(le)(le)之后如果(guo)忘(wang)記停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)(hai)要遠(yuan)大于慢(man)(man)速(su)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產生的(de)(de)(de)傷害(hai)(hai)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)為了(le)(le)(le)解決過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問(wen)題，快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)一般都采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)(le)比如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜率判斷法(fa)(fa)等方法(fa)(fa)來(lai)判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)否接(jie)近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿，這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)(le)控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路或(huo)者IC芯片來(lai)完成這(zhe)(zhe)一任務。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)接(jie)近充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿時，控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路會自動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)入涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模(mo)式，對(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)好處是(shi)(shi)很(hen)(hen)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)，其一如前所(suo)述(shu)，涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)很(hen)(hen)滿，其次就是(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)擔(dan)心(xin)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)最大好處就是(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再去(qu)計(ji)(ji)算時間。具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方法(fa)(fa)可以(yi)查看各自的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明(ming)書，以(yi)防操作不(bu)當。快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有(you)一個分支就是(shi)(shi)超高(gao)速(su)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這(zhe)(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)圍不(bu)大，設(she)計(ji)(ji)、結構和工藝都很(hen)(hen)復雜，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)價格相當昂貴。

　　在(zai)一(yi)些特殊的場合(he)，人們需(xu)要在(zai)很短的時間內(nei)充(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池使(shi)用，這就(jiu)需(xu)要使(shi)用超高速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。由(you)于超高速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)需(xu)要極大(da)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，有些甚至使(shi)用了2C-3C的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，其(qi)發熱問題尤為嚴重，僅僅采用余弦波充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還不夠，因(yin)此這類充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)很多(duo)都采用在(zai)一(yi)個余弦波后插入一(yi)個很短暫的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)這種(zhong)(zhong)方法。這種(zhong)(zhong)做法可以緩解(jie)由(you)于反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢消耗充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流所產生的熱量積累，從(cong)而進(jin)一(yi)步控(kong)制溫度。

四、放電

　　上一(yi)(yi)篇曾介紹了充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)記憶(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應，我(wo)們也知道當記憶(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應逐漸累(lei)積(ji)，會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)使(shi)用容量大幅下降。要減輕(qing)記憶(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應所(suo)帶來的(de)(de)(de)負作(zuo)用，一(yi)(yi)個有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)方法就是放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)來講由于鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)記憶(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應比較明(ming)顯，建議在(zai)反(fan)復(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)使(shi)用5-10次后就作(zuo)一(yi)(yi)次放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，而鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)記憶(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應要好些(xie)，可以在(zai)反(fan)復(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)使(shi)用20-30次后作(zuo)一(yi)(yi)次放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。

　　在市場上銷售的(de)(de)(de)一些高檔充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)自身(shen)帶有(you)(you)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，但絕大部分的(de)(de)(de)中低(di)檔充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是沒有(you)(you)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能的(de)(de)(de)，這時我(wo)們該(gai)(gai)怎(zen)么(me)辦呢？在了解(jie)了放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)原理后(hou)，我(wo)們也(ye)可以(yi)自己嘗試著(zhu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我(wo)們已經知(zhi)道(dao)，鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是1.2V，但實際上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是個變(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)值，隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)是否充(chong)足，圍(wei)繞(rao)著(zhu)1. 2V左(zuo)右進行波動。一般(ban)在1V-1.4V之(zhi)間(jian)波動，不同品(pin)牌的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)由(you)于工藝上的(de)(de)(de)不盡相同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波動范圍(wei)也(ye)不完全一致對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就是采用(yong)很小的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)緩慢下(xia)降，下(xia)降到(dao)0.9V-1V之(zhi)間(jian)，就應該(gai)(gai)停止放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)0.9V之(zhi)下(xia)，這樣(yang)做會(hui)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)(guo)(guo)度放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)受到(dao)不可逆的(de)(de)(de)傷害，上一篇曾說過(guo)(guo)(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)不適合(he)于用(yong)在家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙(yao)控器(qi)(qi)中，就是因為遙(yao)控器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很小，長(chang)時間(jian)放(fang)(fang)(fang)在遙(yao)控器(qi)(qi)中使用(yong)很容易造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)(guo)(guo)度放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)經過(guo)(guo)(guo)一次正確的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，你會(hui)驚喜的(de)(de)(de)發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)又恢復到(dao)原來的(de)(de)(de)水平，因此當發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)有(you)(you)所下(xia)降時，就最好作一次放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對電池做(zuo)放(fang)電有個簡(jian)便的方法，就(jiu)是(shi)接一個小(xiao)電珠作為負載，但必須使用(yong)電表來監視電壓值(zhi)的變化(hua)，以防過度放(fang)電。

對于(yu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)的選(xuan)擇，究竟是(shi)選(xuan)擇快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)還(huan)是(shi)慢(man)速(su)(su)(su)恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)，這主要(yao)看自己使用(yong)的側(ce)重點。例如經常外出使用(yong)數碼相機等設備的朋友，就應該選(xuan)擇快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)，以滿足時間上的要(yao)求，甚至可以購買超高速(su)(su)(su)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)，而只使用(yong)隨(sui)身聽等設備的朋友，恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)就能(neng)滿足需要(yao)在掌(zhang)握了正(zheng)確的充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)知識后(hou)，大家一定能(neng)更好地使用(yong)自己的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)。請大家不要(yao)拘泥(ni)于(yu)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電池容(rong)量看(kan)電池外面的標注**************

*********充電(dian)電(dian)流看充電(dian)器上標注的輸入電(dian)流*******

1、充電電流小于(yu)等于(yu)電池(chi)容量的5％時 （慢速）

充電(dian)時(shi)間（小(xiao)時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.6÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充電電流大(da)于電池容量的(de)5％，小(xiao)于等于10％時(shi)：（快速）

充電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.5÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

3、充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于電(dian)(dian)池容(rong)量的10％，小于等于15％時：

充(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)（小(xiao)時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.3÷充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(mA

4、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容量的15％，小于等于20％時

充電時(shi)間（小時(shi)）＝電池容量（mAH）×1.2÷充電電流(liu)(mA)

5、充電電流大于電池容(rong)量的(de)20％時：（超快速）

充(chong)電時間（小時）＝電池容(rong)量（mAH）×1.1÷充(chong)電電流(mA)