鋰電池充電器的基本要求是特定的充電電流和充電電壓，從而保證電池安全充電。增加其它充電輔助功能是為了改善電池壽命，簡化充電器的操作，其中包括給過放電的電池使用涓流充電、電池電壓檢測、輸入電流限制、充電完成后關斷充電器、電(dian)池部分(fen)放電(dian)后自(zi)動(dong)啟動(dong)充電(dian)等。

　　鋰離子電池的充電過程可以分為四個階段：涓流充電（低壓預充）、恒流充電、恒壓充電以及充電終止。
　　鋰電池充電器的基本要求是特定的充電電流和充電電壓，從而保證電池安全充電。增加其它充電輔助功能是為了改善電池壽命，簡化充電器的操作，其中包括給過放電的電池使用涓流充電、電池電壓檢測、輸入電流限制、充電完成后關斷充電器、電池部分放電后自動啟動充電等。
　　鋰電池的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)是限壓(ya)(ya)恒(heng)流(liu)，都是由IC芯片控制的(de)，典型(xing)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)是：先(xian)檢測待充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低(di)于3V，要先(xian)進行預(yu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)設定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)1/10，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升到3V后，進入(ru)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)：以(yi)設定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升到4.20V時，改(gai)為(wei)恒(heng)壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，保持充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei) 4.20V。此時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)逐漸下降，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)下降至設定(ding)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)1/10時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結束。下圖為(wei)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)曲(qu)線。

　　階段1：涓流充電——涓流充電用來先對完全放電的電池單元進行預充(恢復性充電)。在電池電壓低于3V左右時采用涓流充電，涓流充電電流是恒流充電電流的十分之一即0.1c(以恒定充電電流為1A舉例，則涓流充電電流為100mA)，
　　階段2：恒流充電——當電池電壓上升到涓流充電閾值以上時，提高充電電流進行恒流充電。恒流充電的電流在0.2C至 1.0C之間。電池電壓隨著恒流充電過程逐步升高,一般單節電池設定的此電壓為3.0-4.2V.
　　階(jie)段3：恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)—— 當電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓上(shang)升(sheng)到4.2V時(shi)，恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)結束(shu)，開(kai)始(shi)恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階(jie)段。電(dian)(dian)流(liu)根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)飽和程(cheng)(cheng)度，隨著充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)繼(ji)續充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)由(you)最(zui)大值慢慢減少，當減小到0.01C時(shi)，認為(wei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)終止。（C是以電(dian)(dian)池標稱容量(liang)對照電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)一種(zhong)表示方法，如電(dian)(dian)池是1000mAh的(de)容量(liang)，1C就(jiu)是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)1000mA。）